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Vol. 6 Issue 4

Archives Journal Chemical Bulletin Vol. 6 Issue 4

Analysis of the effect of technological parameters on desulfurization of agglomeration charges

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 5-17 p.
Abstract
This paper presents an analysis of the influence of technological parameters such as temperature, basicity and carbon content on the degree of desulfuration (removal of sulfur) during agglomeration of iron ore raw materials, which in the future will help to detect and calculate the most effective mode of operation of firing conveyor and sintering machines during heat treatment and processing of mineral iron ore raw materials. It was found that the most significant effect on the desulfurization of fluxed sulfate-containing charges is to reduce the size of the ore and the introduction of fusible additives that reduce the viscosity of the slag. It was revealed that the effect of the first factor is limited by the capabilities of crushing departments of mining and processing plants and the difficulties of sintering fine-grained charges, and a decrease in the fusibility of the sintering charge can lead to a deterioration of combustion processes and a drop in the technical and economic indicators of the sintering process. Gorenje It was found that the implementation of additional measures to obtain low-sulfur agglomerate from sulfate-containing ores is hampered by the lack of research on the kinetics of the main reactions that determine the final sulfur content in the agglomerate. It has been shown that dissociation of calcium and barium sulfates in contact with silicon, iron and aluminum oxides is possible at temperatures of 1000-1100°C. It was found that the dissociation of sulfates proceeds at a rate that ensures an increase in the degree of desulfuration. A decrease in the degree of desulfurization is observed in the temperature range of1200-1300°C, due to liquid-phase contact with silicon, iron and aluminum oxides. It was found that further studies of the kinetics of thermally activated reactions of high-temperature dissociation of barite and calcium sulfate under conditions close to agglomeration processes in operating heat treatment units of iron ore raw materials are necessary to increase the degree of desulfuration of sulfate-containing fluxed agglomeration charges.
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The impact of environmental problems on epidemiological aspects and human health because of human industrial activity

 18-26 p.
Abstract
Industry is one of the main directions of economic development not only in the Russian Federation, but also in other developed countries of the modern world. Industry contributes to the acceleration of scientific and technological progress and the pace of economic development, improving the level of well-being of the population. Despite a number of objective advantages observed with the intensive development of industry, many problems caused because of industrial activity of a person. One of the most urgent problems of the subject area under con-sideration is environmental pollution and its negative impact on epidemiology and human health. The main pur-pose of the presented article is to complete an analysis regarding the impact of human industrial activity on epide-miological aspects and human health. Because of the work, the main factors that negatively affect the environmen-tal situation, as well as the relevance and necessity of reducing this influence in order to improve the epidemiologi-cal situation and human health, examined. Based on the considered factors, the author's approaches to ensuring environmental safety in the operation of industrial enterprises are formed. The practical value of the presented work consists in the possibility of applying such approaches in establishing a safe from the point of view of the eco-logical situation of the functioning of industrial enterprises.
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Surface-active and micelle-forming properties of binary mixtures of glycyrrhizin and decyl glycoside and stabilization of foam stabilized by such a mixture with xanthan and keratin additives

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 27-42 p.
Abstract
The surface and micelle-forming properties of two surface-active sugar derivatives and their binary mixtures were studied: dipotassium glycyrrhizinate, which is an anionic surfactant of natural origin (saponin) and has biologically active properties, and a nonionic sugar surfactant decyl glycoside. Decyl glycoside has a noticeably higher surface activity and a noticeably lower CMC value than dipotassium glycyrrhizinate. Using Rubin's equations, the composition of mixed micelles and the parameters of surfactant interaction in them were calculated. It has been shown that a synergistic effect is observed in aqueous solutions of binary mixtures of these surfactants. Due to this, dipotassium glycyrrhizinate can be used together with decyl glycoside as a base for foaming solutions for cosmetic, pharmaceutical and medical foams. Using dispersion analysis of foam over time, the stability of foam stabilized with a mixture of dipotassium glycyrrhizinate and decyl glycoside in a molar ratio of 0.2:0.8 and the ef-fect on the stability of foam of the addition of two different biopolymers: polysaccharide - xanthan (xanthan gum) and protein - keratin of sheep wool hydrolyzate were studied. Based on dispersion analysis of foam micrographs, it was shown that both polymers increase the durability of the foam over time. Foam containing xanthan breaks down primarily through Ostwald ripening rather than coalescence. Foam with keratin hydrolyzate has a lower initial dispersion and number of bubbles than foam with keratin hydrolyzate. The stability of both foams is close, but slightly higher in the case of the addition of keratin.
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A method for producing high-purity carbon material from plant waste

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 43-53 p.
Abstract
Сarbon materials are widely in demand, used in many sectors of human life. Due to their complex properties, they are indispensable both in industry or agriculture, and in environmental protection. However, the ecological and economic aspects of their production: the availability of primary raw materials and the cost of obtaining high-quality adsorbents sharply increase the cost of these products. On the other hand, a lot of plant waste is generated annually, estimated in Russia at several million tons. Organic fractions of municipal waste represent potential raw materials for thermal processing into carbon materials. This direction of their utilization allows us to solve two tasks at once – to obtain inexpensive high-quality carbon material and reduce the amount of waste of plant origin. In this work, the object of research was pre-dried rose flowers, which were crushed, heat treated at 450-500 °C for 4 hours, followed by multistage washing with hydrochloric and hydrofluoric acids and water. It is shown that the chemical purity of the product depends on the sequence and number of washing steps. The resulting carbonizate was characterized by relative purity (ash content 0.9 wt. %. with a carbon content of 84%) and satisfactory porosity, which, according to the test results for test substances – iodine and methylene blue (adsorption capacity for which is 35.5% and 45 mg·g–1, respectively), considered this material promising in wastewater treatment water treatment and other fields. For comparison, the article presents the quality indicators of activated carbon from birch wood of the BAU brand and a number of agricultural waste.
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