The processes of absorption and desorption of mercury (II) ions on the inorganic ion exchanger “polysurmine” (mixed antimony and silicon oxyhydrate), silicon-phosphorus-antimony ionite, and a composite material based on polysurmine and a polymeric binder are investigated. Experiments were performed under static conditions. High selectivity of polysurmine to mercury ions was shown. The relationship between the structure of ion exchangers and the sorption values achieved is shown, including the influence of a polymer binder that does not have its own ion-exchange capacity on the properties of the composite material. The desorption of absorbed mercury (II) ions from ion exchangers by various desorbents was studied and the efficiency of the latter was compared.