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Vol. 2 Issue 4

Archives Journal Chemical Bulletin Vol. 2 Issue 4

INVESTIGATION OF TECHNOLOGY FOR EXTRACTION OF HEAVY HYDROCARBONS FROM ASSOCIATED PETROLEUM GAS BY LOW-TEMPERATURE SEPARATION

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 4-11 p.
Abstract
The article is devoted to the description of studies aimed at studying the process of separation of associated petroleum gas into fractions by the method of low-temperature separation. The work uses Aspen Hysys software, which allows to model technological schemes containing various types of equipment, solve problems by selected numerical mathematical methods and thus to study the progress of practically any physical and chemical processes. Consideration of this problem is a pressing task, as it aims to save and improve the quality of valuable hydrocarbon materials. At the same time, the influence of various factors on the process of separation of heavy hydrocarbons has not been studied yet and there is no developed and simple method of monitoring the state and composition of oil and gas products at different stages of processing. To demonstrate the developed method, the composition of the initial mixture is specified and a simplified computer model of the process of extracting heavy hydrocarbons is created. The influence of one of the main factors acting in this process, temperature, on methane yield and heavy hydrocarbon fractions was investigated. Based on the results of the work, recommendations for improvement of this technological process are proposed. The methodology and results of the carried out studies can be used for further study of processes of associated petroleum gas processing, including using more complex technological schemes. This technique can also be useful for research of processes of processing of any hydrocarbon raw materials (for example, oil of different deposits), as well as other commercial chemical products.
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SULFURIC ACID MODIFIED SAWDUST OF ACACIA AURICULARIS (ACACIA AURICULIFORMIS) FOR THE PURIFICATION OF WASTEWATER FROM COPPER IONS (II)

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 12-23 p.
Abstract
Modified sorption materials based on acacia sawdust (Acacia Auriculiformis) were obtained by treating their surface with low-concentration sulfuric acid solutions with concentrations of 1%, 2% and 3%. According to IR spectra, diffractograms, micrographs and histograms of the distribution of surface roughness of native and sulfuric acid-modified acacia sawdust, it was found that surface treatment of the sawdust with acid solutions leads to a change in the structure of the sorption material, namely, leaching of low molecular weight components from the composition of acacia wood. The regularities of the processes of adsorption of Cu2+ ions by native and sulfuric acid modified acacia filings under static conditions were studied. Using the obtained values of the initial and equi-librium concentrations of copper (II) ions in solutions, the sorption capacities of the materials were calculated and the adsorption isotherms of Cu2+ ions were constructed using native and modified acacia filings. Processing acacia sawdust with sulfuric acid solutions leads to an increase in the sorption capacity for copper ions, while the greatest sorption capacity is observed in the case of acacia sawdust treated with a 3% sulfuric acid solution. By processing the obtained sorption isotherms in the framework of the monomolecular models of Langmuir, Freindlich, Dubinin-Radushkevich, Temkin, the regression equations and approximation coefficients are determined. It was revealed that the processes of adsorption of Cu2+ ions by native and modified acacia sawdust with a 3% sulfuric acid solu-tion are best described by the Langmuir model, and the processes of copper ion adsorption by acacia sawdust mod-ified by 1% and 2% sulfuric acid solutions are described by the Freindlich model. The thermodynamic constants of the adsorption processes are calculated, from the values of which it is determined that all the studied processes belong to the processes of physical adsorption. By processing the kinetic dependences of the processes within the framework of the diffusion adsorption model, we calculated the Bio coefficients for the sorption processes of Cu2+ ions by native and modified acacia filings, the values of which determined the limiting stages of the processes (mixed diffusion).
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OPTIMIZATION OF RECTIFICATION PROCESS DURING BUTANE PRODUCTION

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 24-31 p.
Abstract
The article describes the method of studying the parameters of the rectification process in the production of butane from associated petroleum gas. The method allows to optimize this process in terms of reduction of energy and operating costs and to achieve the goal of increasing efficiency of separation of hydrocarbon components of raw materials – mixture of gases. These tasks are relevant, as their solution saves expensive energy and valuable commodity products. However, mathematical modeling of rectification processes is very complex and problematic without the application of modern numerical methods and computer programs solving systems of hundreds of nonlinear equations. One of the most suitable programs for such modeling is Aspen Hysys, which also allows to create visual diagrams of technological processes used in the oil and gas industry. This paper considers one of the problems solved in butane production – reduction of operating costs by reducing power consumption when selecting the number of plates of the rectification column and the number of the feed plate to which the initial product is supplied. The composition of the gas mixture is taken for one of the oil and gas deposits, which is char-acterized by a high proportion of butane in the associated gas composition. Aspen Hysys has developed a process model for producing butane that meets product requirements. Based on the results of the work, recommendations are given on the application of the developed methodology for the study of the influence of various factors on the efficiency and cost of technological processes in which rectification columns are used.
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