Smirnov Yu.P.

Candidate of Engineering Sciences (Ph.D.), Deputy Director for Science and New Technology, Volzhsky Scientific and Technical Complex (branch) Volgograd State Technical University,

ELASTOMERS FOR LOW TEMPERATURE APPLICATIONS

Abstract
Research works were carried out in the field of creating new rubbers with improved low-temperature, fire-fighting properties, with high resistance to the effects of petroleum products. Experimental rubber samples based on hydrogenated butadiene-nitrile rubbers and samples based on mixtures of propylene oxide and epichlorohydrin rubbers were developed. Physical and mechanical tests were conducted to determine the elastic-strength properties of rubbers, tests to determine the glass transition temperature by differential scanning calorimetry and dynamic mechanical analysis. The obtained data showed that, depending on the type of rubber and other prescription factors, the developed elastomeric materials have a glass transition temperature from minus 45℃ to minus 87℃. Tests were carried out to determine the oil resistance and degree of swelling of rubbers after exposure in technological oil of the brand SGR-3 for samples 1-4, and to determine the fuel resistance and degree of swelling of rubbers after exposure in aviation kerosene of the brand TS-1 for samples 5-8. Analysis of the obtained data showed that the best characteristics for frost resistance are rubber samples based on mixtures of propylene oxide and epichlorohydrin rubbers. Elastomers in terms of elastic-strength characteristics and hardness indicators meet the requirements for sealing products of machinery and equipment of the oil and gas industry. Also, elastomers showed good results in tests for fuel resistance, while the degree of swelling of rubber samples in aviation kerosene is about 9%. Developments are protected as a trade secret (know-how). There is a positive experience in manufac-turing and selling lots of products made from developed elastomeric materials for domestic consumers.
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TO AN ASSESSMENT OF SIZE OF DIFFUSIVE LOSSES OF COOLANT THROUGH A RUBBER CAMERA – COVER

Abstract
In the article the calculation of time of technologically admissible volume of losses of coolant due to diffusive permeability through walls of cameras of branch pipes of refrigerators with the given technical characteristics is executed. The guaranteed resource of work of branch pipes was 14,1 and 7,4 years respectively for one and second machines. Experimental researches of influence of type and structure of fillers on diffusive permeability are carried out on rubbers: 61-202 on the basis of a chloroprene of S-40 and RK-1802 on the basis of the hydrogenated ZETPOL-2000 rubber, at the acceptable technological indicators of processing and production of rubber cameras. The optimum share of filling of rubber mix is experimentally chosen – 20% of mass parts as ground mica. For ensuring long resistance of rubber to influence of coolant as basic it is recommended to use ZETPOL-2000 brand rubber hydrogenated.
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