FORMATION AND RESEARCH OF BIMETALLIC ELECTRODE MATERIALS ON POLYMER-CARBON CARRIER MATRICES FOR ENERGY POWER SOURCES

Yashtulov N.A., Lebedeva M.V., Kaplan I.M., Krapivko A.L., Dulina O.A.

74-82 p.

Fuel cells are promising devices for direct conversion of chemical energy into electrical energy from the point of view of efficiency and low emission of pollutants. The main component of fuel cells is a solid polymer electrolyte. Membranes made of perfluorinated sulfonated copolymers of the Nafion type with different content of sulfogroups satisfy most of the application conditions, because they have a sufficiently high degree of proton conductivity, stability in electrolyte solutions and high mechanical strength. The principal disadvantage of such membranes is their relatively low ion selectivity and a decrease in mechanical strength at temperatures above 100oC. To improve the characteristics of the membrane, various modification methods are used, including various additives and metal nanoparticles. The main obstacle to the widespread large-scale use of fuel cells is their cost, in which the main part is the cost of electrocatalysts based on platinum metals. Therefore, the development of effective electrode materials with a reduced content of platinum metals is an urgent task. In this work, bimetallic platinum-ruthenium nanoparticles were synthesized on combined carrier matrices consisting of a Nafion polymer membrane and carbon nanotubes. The sizes of Pt-Ru nanoparticles were compared with varying the molar ratio of wa-ter:surfactant from 1.5 to 8. It was found that the minimum size is characteristic of nanoparticles obtained with a maximum platinum content in nanoparticles (7:1) and the degree of solubilization ω = 1.5. It was found that in the methanol oxidation reaction, electrode materials based on bimetallic Pt-Ru nanoparticles (7:1) demonstrate the greatest catalytic activity when the catalyst is loaded 0.2 mg/cm2 on polymer substrates with the addition of multi-walled carbon nanotubes at a temperature of 60oC.

Keywords:

combined matrices, functional nanocomposites, polymer membrane, methanol oxidation reaction, catalytic activity

Yashtulov N.A.

Doctor of Chemical Sciences (Advanced Doctor), Professor, Moscow Technological University

Lebedeva M.V.

Candidate of Chemical Sciences (Ph.D.), Associate Professor, MIREA – Russian Technological University

Kaplan I.M.

Postgraduate student, MIREA – Russian Technological University

Krapivko A.L.

Master of Arts (M.A.), Moscow Technological University

Dulina O.A.

Candidate of Chemical Sciences (Ph.D.), Associate Professor, MIREA – Russian Technological University

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