English
Русский
The article presents an analysis of the classification and composition of modern lithifying additives used for the treatment of liquid salt concentrates from reverse osmosis units. Natural and synthetic sorbents are considered, their characteristics including specific surface area, porosity, elemental composition and thermal stability. The results of studies of the individual efficiency of additives and their combinations are presented, and optimal compositions for obtaining solid waste of hazard classes IV-V are determined.
1. Yakovlev S.V., Voronov Yu.V. Water Disposal and Wastewater Treatment: A Textbook for Universities. Moscow: ASV, 2002. 704 p. ISBN 5-93093-146-0.
2. Tarasevich Yu.I. Natural Sorbents in Water Treatment Processes. Kyiv: Naukova Dumka, 1981. 208 p.
3. Keltsev N.V. Fundamentals of Adsorption Technology. 2nd ed., revised and enlarged. Moscow: Chemistry, 1984. 592 p.
4. Smirnov A.D., Smirnov D.N. Sorption Water Treatment. Leningrad: Chemistry, 1982. 168 p.
5. Pervov A.G., Andrianov A.P., Gorbunova T.P., Yurchevsky E.B. Technology of utilization of concentrate of reverse osmosis units in water treatment systems. Water supply and sanitary engineering. 2012. No. 8. P. 20 – 26.
6. Zaplatin V.D., Litvinenko V.A., Kozhukhova E.V., Kadrevich A.A., Zubov M.G. Utilization of reverse osmosis concentrate with obtaining commercial products of sodium sulfate and sodium chloride. Water supply and sanitary engineering. 2025. No. 5. P. 22 – 30. DOI: 10.35776/VST.2025.05.03.
7. Ovcharenko A.M., Shakhova N.B. Removal of heavy metal ions using natural zeolites. Problems of geology and subsoil development: proceedings of the XXI International symposium named after academician M.A. Usov. Tomsk: TPU Publishing House, 2017. Vol. 2. P. 407 – 409.
8. Makhmudov F.T., Jabbarova Z.A., Soltanova S.M., Alieva S.A., Ilyasova H.A., Askerova T.N. Kinetics of NH₄⁺ ion exchange on natural and synthetic sorbents. Azerbaijan Chemical Journal. 2016. No. 1. P. 94 – 97.
9. Ly Thi Ien, Khokhlov V.Yu., Selemenev V.F., Belchinskaya L.I. Dynamics of ammonium ion sorption on natural, acid- and alkali-activated sorbent M45K20. Sorption and chromatographic processes. 2019. Vol. 12. No. 1. P. 45 – 53.
10. Novosel'tsev N.V., Sivaeva O.E., Vorontsova L.S. Activated carbons for water treatment and wastewater treatment. Water purification. 2007. No. 10. P. 48 – 52.
11. Melnikova A.S., Kostryukova N.V. Meta-analysis of studies on the use of sorbents for oil spill response on water. Technosphere Management: electronic journal. 2024. Vol. 7. Issue. 3. P. 482 – 497. DOI: 10.34828/UdSU.2024.81.86.009
12. Kostryukova N.V., Melnikova A.S., Platonova A.M. Analysis of sorption characteristics of modified sugar production waste. Bulletin of the Scientific Center of Belarusian Railways. 2022. No. 3 (53). P. 108 – 116.
13. Khajeh A., Salimi M., MolaAbasi H., Seif M.E., Payan M., Keawsawasvong S. Zeolite-based soil stabilization: a review. Geotechnical and Geological Engineering. 2026. P. 1 – 28. DOI: 10.1007/s10706-025-03072-0
14. Wang S., Peng Y. Natural zeolites as effective adsorbents in water and wastewater treatment. Chemical Engineering Journal. 2010. Vol. 156.No. 1. P. 11 – 24. DOI: 10.1016/j.cej.2009.10.029
15. Finish N., Ramos P., Borojovich E.J.C., Zeiri O., Amar Y., Gottlieb M. Zeolite performance in re-moving multicomponent heavy metal contamination from wastewater. Journal of Hazardous Materials. 2023. Vol. 457. Art. No. 131784. P. 1 – 12. DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131784
16. Ugrina M., Dikić J., Nuić I., Jevtić S. Sorption behavior of nickel(II) on natural and Fe(III)-modified clinoptilolite: optimization and mechanism insight. Clean Technologies. 2025. Vol. 7.No. 3. Art. No. 78. P. 1 – 22. DOI: 10.3390/cleantechnol7030078
17. Irawan D.S., Alham M., Sari D.A.P., Fadiilah D. Optimizing fly ash and cement ratios for immobilizing lead and arsenic in liquid hazardous waste. Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research. 2025. Vol. 15.No. 1. P. 20500 – 20507. DOI: 10.48084/etasr.9507
18. Adam M.R., Othman M.H.D., Hubadillah S.K., Abd Aziz M.H., Jamalludin M.R. Adsorption of Cd²⁺ ions onto zeolites synthesized from a mixture of coal fly ash and oil shale ash in aqueous media. RSC Advances. 2025. Vol. 15.No. 15. P. 11293 – 11300. DOI: 10.1039/d5ra00752f
19. Nikolaeva L.A., Khamitova E.G. The use of energy industry waste as sorption material in the purifi-cation of reverse osmosis concentrate. Chemical and Petroleum Engineering. 2019. Vol. 55.No. 5-6. P. 427 – 432. DOI: 10.1007/s10556-019-00640-7
20. Conner J.R. Chemical Fixation and Solidification of Hazardous Wastes. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold, 1990. 692 p. ISBN 978-0442205449
21. Singh R., Budarayavalasa S. Solidification and stabilization of hazardous wastes using geopolymers as sustainable binders. Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management. 2021. Vol. 23.No. 5. P. 1699 – 1715. DOI: 10.1007/s10163-021-01245-0
22. Chen J., Wang Y., Zhang L., Zhang Y. Solidification/stabilization of heavy metals in contaminated soils: a review. Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 2020. Vol. 27.No. 33. P. 41125 – 41143. DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-09997-2
2. Tarasevich Yu.I. Natural Sorbents in Water Treatment Processes. Kyiv: Naukova Dumka, 1981. 208 p.
3. Keltsev N.V. Fundamentals of Adsorption Technology. 2nd ed., revised and enlarged. Moscow: Chemistry, 1984. 592 p.
4. Smirnov A.D., Smirnov D.N. Sorption Water Treatment. Leningrad: Chemistry, 1982. 168 p.
5. Pervov A.G., Andrianov A.P., Gorbunova T.P., Yurchevsky E.B. Technology of utilization of concentrate of reverse osmosis units in water treatment systems. Water supply and sanitary engineering. 2012. No. 8. P. 20 – 26.
6. Zaplatin V.D., Litvinenko V.A., Kozhukhova E.V., Kadrevich A.A., Zubov M.G. Utilization of reverse osmosis concentrate with obtaining commercial products of sodium sulfate and sodium chloride. Water supply and sanitary engineering. 2025. No. 5. P. 22 – 30. DOI: 10.35776/VST.2025.05.03.
7. Ovcharenko A.M., Shakhova N.B. Removal of heavy metal ions using natural zeolites. Problems of geology and subsoil development: proceedings of the XXI International symposium named after academician M.A. Usov. Tomsk: TPU Publishing House, 2017. Vol. 2. P. 407 – 409.
8. Makhmudov F.T., Jabbarova Z.A., Soltanova S.M., Alieva S.A., Ilyasova H.A., Askerova T.N. Kinetics of NH₄⁺ ion exchange on natural and synthetic sorbents. Azerbaijan Chemical Journal. 2016. No. 1. P. 94 – 97.
9. Ly Thi Ien, Khokhlov V.Yu., Selemenev V.F., Belchinskaya L.I. Dynamics of ammonium ion sorption on natural, acid- and alkali-activated sorbent M45K20. Sorption and chromatographic processes. 2019. Vol. 12. No. 1. P. 45 – 53.
10. Novosel'tsev N.V., Sivaeva O.E., Vorontsova L.S. Activated carbons for water treatment and wastewater treatment. Water purification. 2007. No. 10. P. 48 – 52.
11. Melnikova A.S., Kostryukova N.V. Meta-analysis of studies on the use of sorbents for oil spill response on water. Technosphere Management: electronic journal. 2024. Vol. 7. Issue. 3. P. 482 – 497. DOI: 10.34828/UdSU.2024.81.86.009
12. Kostryukova N.V., Melnikova A.S., Platonova A.M. Analysis of sorption characteristics of modified sugar production waste. Bulletin of the Scientific Center of Belarusian Railways. 2022. No. 3 (53). P. 108 – 116.
13. Khajeh A., Salimi M., MolaAbasi H., Seif M.E., Payan M., Keawsawasvong S. Zeolite-based soil stabilization: a review. Geotechnical and Geological Engineering. 2026. P. 1 – 28. DOI: 10.1007/s10706-025-03072-0
14. Wang S., Peng Y. Natural zeolites as effective adsorbents in water and wastewater treatment. Chemical Engineering Journal. 2010. Vol. 156.No. 1. P. 11 – 24. DOI: 10.1016/j.cej.2009.10.029
15. Finish N., Ramos P., Borojovich E.J.C., Zeiri O., Amar Y., Gottlieb M. Zeolite performance in re-moving multicomponent heavy metal contamination from wastewater. Journal of Hazardous Materials. 2023. Vol. 457. Art. No. 131784. P. 1 – 12. DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131784
16. Ugrina M., Dikić J., Nuić I., Jevtić S. Sorption behavior of nickel(II) on natural and Fe(III)-modified clinoptilolite: optimization and mechanism insight. Clean Technologies. 2025. Vol. 7.No. 3. Art. No. 78. P. 1 – 22. DOI: 10.3390/cleantechnol7030078
17. Irawan D.S., Alham M., Sari D.A.P., Fadiilah D. Optimizing fly ash and cement ratios for immobilizing lead and arsenic in liquid hazardous waste. Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research. 2025. Vol. 15.No. 1. P. 20500 – 20507. DOI: 10.48084/etasr.9507
18. Adam M.R., Othman M.H.D., Hubadillah S.K., Abd Aziz M.H., Jamalludin M.R. Adsorption of Cd²⁺ ions onto zeolites synthesized from a mixture of coal fly ash and oil shale ash in aqueous media. RSC Advances. 2025. Vol. 15.No. 15. P. 11293 – 11300. DOI: 10.1039/d5ra00752f
19. Nikolaeva L.A., Khamitova E.G. The use of energy industry waste as sorption material in the purifi-cation of reverse osmosis concentrate. Chemical and Petroleum Engineering. 2019. Vol. 55.No. 5-6. P. 427 – 432. DOI: 10.1007/s10556-019-00640-7
20. Conner J.R. Chemical Fixation and Solidification of Hazardous Wastes. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold, 1990. 692 p. ISBN 978-0442205449
21. Singh R., Budarayavalasa S. Solidification and stabilization of hazardous wastes using geopolymers as sustainable binders. Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management. 2021. Vol. 23.No. 5. P. 1699 – 1715. DOI: 10.1007/s10163-021-01245-0
22. Chen J., Wang Y., Zhang L., Zhang Y. Solidification/stabilization of heavy metals in contaminated soils: a review. Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 2020. Vol. 27.No. 33. P. 41125 – 41143. DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-09997-2
Panov Yu.T., Krotova M.V., Tishchenko A.V. Analysis of classification and composition of modern lithifying additives . Chemical Bulletin. 2026. 9 (2). 3. https://doi.org/10.58224/2619-0575-2026-9-2-3