SYNTHESIS OF GRAFT COPOLYMERS BASED ON SKF-32 BY ATOM TRANSFER RADICAL POLYMERIZATION

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The use of partially fluorinated polymer electrolyte membranes in fuel cells is a very promising approach. Due to this, it is possible to avoid the disadvantages that arise when using perfluorinated polymers containing sulfonate groups as proton exchange membranes. Such disadvantages include high cost, unsatisfactory characteristics of proton transport with low water content and high values of hydrogen permeability through the membrane. Materials based on vinylidene fluoride are representative partially fluorinated polymers that exhibit interesting thermal, chemical, physical and technological properties. One of the promising directions for creating proton-exchange membranes is creation of graft fluoropolymers containing sulfonate groups. Samples of grafted copolymers based on industrial fluoroelastomer SKF-32 (a copolymer of vinylidene fluoride and chlorotrifluoro-ethylene) was carried out by grafting styrene with subsequent sulfonation. Graft poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-chlorotrifluoroethylene-g-styrene) was synthesized by atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). The data of viscometry and FT-IR spectroscopy allow us to conclude about the successful grafting of polystyrene fragments. Sulfonation of the grafted copolymer was carried out by injecting an acetyl sulfate solution to a polymer solution in 1,2-dichloroethane at a temperature of 40°C for 3 hours in an argon atmosphere. The qualitative composition, characteristic viscosity, molecular weight distribution and concentration of sulfogroups in the studied samples were investigated. The concentration of cross-linked polymer chains increases with an increase in the duration of synthesis, which complicates the sulfonation process. Optimal synthesis conditions were determined: temperature 90оC, initiator ‒ 2,2’-bipyridyl, duration – 3-4 h. Under these conditions, the highest yield of the finished product is achieved and unintentional crosslinking of the polymer does not occur.
Keywords:
vinylidene fluoride, chlorotrifluoroethylene, styrene, copolymer, ATRP, proton exchange membrane, sulfonation
Bushuev A.N.
Research Assistant, Vyatka State University
Tolstobrov I.V.
Research Assistant, Vyatka State University
Cherepanova V.A.
Postgraduate, Belgorod State Technological University named after V.G. Shukhov
Yelkin O.V.
Candidate of Chemical Sciences (Ph.D.), Leading Research Officer, Belgorod State Technological University named after V.G. Shukhov
Klyuev S.V.
Candidate of Engineering Sciences (Ph.D.), Associate Professor, Belgorod State Technological University named after V.G. Shukhov
Sabitov L.S.
Doctor of Engineering Sciences (Advanced Doctor), Associate Professor, Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, Kazan State Energy University
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